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| Product Name | PAPP-A ELISA |
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| Description | The essential reagents required for an immunoenzymometric assay include high affinity and specificity antibodies (enzyme and immobilized), with different and distinct epitope recognition, in excess, and native Antigens. In this PAPP-A ELISA Assay Kit, the immobilization takes place during the assay at the surface of a microplate well through the interaction of the streptavidin coated on the well and exogenously added biotinylated monoclonal anti PAPP-A antibody. When monoclonal biotinylated antibody is mixed with a serum containing the PAPP-A Antigens, an antibody-Antigens complex is formed. The interaction is illustrated in the following equation: ka Ag(PAPP-A) + BtAb(m) ? Ag(PAPP-A)-BtAb(m) k-a BtAb(m) = biotinylated monoclonal antibody (excess quantity) Ag(PAPP-A) = native Antigens (variable quantity) Ag(PAPP-A)-BtAb(m) = Antigens-antibody complex (variable quantity) ka = rate constant of association k-a = rate constant of dissociation Simultaneously, the complex is deposited into the well through the high affinity reaction of streptavidin and biotinylated antibody. This interaction is illustrated below: Ag(PAPP-A)-BtAb(m) + Streptavidin C.W. ? Immobilized complex Streptavidin C.W. = Streptavidin immobilized on well Immobilized complex = sandwich complex bound to the well After a suitable incubation period, the antibody-Antigens bound fraction is separated from unbound Antigens by a washing step. Another antibody (directed at a different epitope) labelled with an enzyme is added. Another interaction occurs to form an enzyme labelled antibody-Antigens-biotinylated-antibody complex on the surface of the wells. Excess enzyme is washed off via a wash step. A suitable substrate is added to produce color measurable with the use of a microplate spectrophotometer. The enzyme activity in the well is directly proportional to the native Antigens concentration. By utilizing several different serum references of known Antigens concentration, a dose response curve can be generated from which the Antigens concentration of an unknown can be ascertained. Sample Types: serum. Range: 100 - 10,000 mIU/L. Sensitivity: 34 mIU/L. Time: 1.5 hours • PAPP-A (Pregnancy Associated Plasma Protein A) is a 740 kDa protein produced primarily by the placenta during pregnancy; infact this protein is usually present in the serum, but its concentration rises in maternal serum as gestation time progresses. PAPP-A concentration levels in maternal serum are indicative of threatened abortion, preterm birth, intrauterine growth restriction and others. Fetus and infants can be affected by ill effects in consequence of trisomy 21, 18 and 13, thus in the last years many researches were done to improve the screening for markers. In this fields PAPP-A is one of the most interesting protein, because many studies have shown a decrease in PAPP-A concentration in case of trisomy disorders, particularly in Down's Syndrome (Trisomy 21). PAPP-A protein can be found in the serum in a heterotetrameric dimer with ProMBP form (most important during pregnancy) or in a dimeric form associated with coronary and cardiac conditions; Diametra PAPP-A ELISA is designed specifically for the testing of the heterotetrameric form. When evaluation of this protein is done it is often compared to the Multiple of Medians (MoM) and represented as a percent of an in-house establish median. Without easy access to an IRP, ELISA method is an easier way to evaluate the concentration of PAPP-A in the serum and to compare the results from different laboratories. |
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| Size | 1 x 96 well |
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| Concentration | n/a |
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| Applications | RUO |
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| Other Names | PAPP-A, PAPP A, Pregnancy Associated Plasma Protein A |
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| Gene, Accession, CAS # | n/a |
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| Catalog # | DCM184 |
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| Order / More Info | PAPP-A ELISA from EAGLE BIOSCIENCES INC. |
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| Product Specific References | n/a |
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